How Tariq bin Ziyad defeated 6 times bigger army of Roderick according to Stanley Lane-Pool a British orientalist and archaeologist.
Stanley Lane-Pool said:
“Tarik, indeed, although he had been reinforced with 5,000 Berbers, commanded still but a little army of 12,000 troops, and Roderick had six times as many men to his back. But the invaders were bold and hardy men, used to war, and led by a hero; the Spaniards were a crowd of ill treated slaves, and among their commanders were treacherous nobles.” (The Moors in Spain by Stanley Lane-Pool Page 20)
When Tariq bin Ziyad won the battle against Roderick, Roderick’s widow married a Muslim commander.
Encyclopedia Britannica states:
“Roderick’s widow, Egilo, married the son of the Arab commander Mūsā ibn Nuṣair.” (Encyclopedia Britannica, under the heading: Roderick king of Visigoths)
In Islamic sources her name was Umm Asim. Many legends are famous as to why Tariq attacked Roderick. The most famous is that Roderick raped a girl and her father Julian, Count of Ceuta, had encouraged Musa bin Nusayr to invade Iberia, telling him of the people’s sufferings and the injustice of their king, Roderick. And Musa appointed Tariq to defeat Roderick. Allahu Alam.
Spain became hub of education under Islamic rule. Women were highly educated.
Richmond Surrey said in the preface of the book The Moors in Spain by Stanley Lane-Pool:
“For nearly eight centuries under her Mohammedan rulers Spain set to all Europe a shining example of a civilized and enlightened state…
Art literature and science prospered as they then prospered nowhere else in Europe. Students flocked from France and Germany and England to drink from the fountain of learning which flowed only in the cities of Moors. The Surgeons and the doctors of Andalusia were in the van of science: women were encouraged to devote themselves to serious study.” (End quote)
Note: The Moors were the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta during the Middle Ages.
See Tariq Bin Ziyad and his victories in Islamic sources which includes Ibn Kathir in Al bidaya wal Nihaya, Ibn Ahhir in his Tareekh etc.