Aqaid of Hanabila on Asking Help from Auliyah.
๐๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ:
๐. ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฎ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง
๐. ๐๐d๐ข ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐สฟ๐ฅ๐ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฌ๐ค๐๐:
๐. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ง สฟ๐๐ช๐ข๐ฅ ๐จ๐ง ๐ฏ๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฏ๐๐ฌ
4. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ก๐๐ฒ๐ค๐ก ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ง๐ข
5. ๐๐๐ง ๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ขโ๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐ ๐๐ข๐ง๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ฌ๐๐๐ค๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ฉ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐
๐. ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐๐ค๐ซ ๐๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ฅ (๐ฐ๐ก๐จ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐๐ซ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ข๐ซ๐๐๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ก๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ข๐๐ง ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ฅ, ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ I๐ฆ๐๐ฆ Ahmad’๐ฌ ๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก)
7. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐ฅ-๐ ๐๐ญ๐ก ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ฐ๐๐ง๐ข
๐. ๐๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ฅ๐ข ๐๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ฌ๐๐ก๐จ๐จ๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ก๐ญ๐ฌ.
9. ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง
๐. ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฎ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง
Did you know Shaykh Abdul Qadir al-Jilani was a student of Ibn Aqil Hanbali, and Ibn Aqil Hanbali was a student of Qฤแธฤซ Abลซ Yaสฟlฤ? May Allah be pleased with them all. Let us see what they say about asking help from Auliyah.
๐. ๐๐di ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐สฟ๐ฅ๐ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฌ๐ค๐๐:
โ ู ุง ุชููู ูู ููู ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุฅุฐุง ุนุซุฑ: (ู ุญู ุฏ ุฃู ุนูู) ุ ููุงู: ุฅู ูุตุฏ ุงูุงุณุชุนุงูุฉ ููู ู ุฎุทูุก ูุฃู ุงูุบูุซ ู ู ุงููู ุชุนุงูู ููุงู ููู ุง ู ูุชุงู ููุง ูุตุญ ุงูุบูุซ ู ููู ุง ููุฃูู ูุฌุจ ุชูุฏูู ุงููู ุนูู ุบูุฑู
โWhat do you say about a man who says โMuhammad (peace be upon him) or Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)โ in his need?โ
He replied:
โIf he is seeking help, then he is wrong, because help is from Allah and both of them passed away. That is why it is not allowed to ask help from them.โ
Reference: Badai al-Fawฤโid 4/40, footnote: ูุฑุฏ ุงูุณุคุงู ููุณู ุนูู ุงุจู ุงูุตูุงุญ
๐. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ง สฟ๐๐ช๐ข๐ฅ ๐จ๐ง ๐ฏ๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฏ๐๐ฌ.
Some argue that Qฤแธฤซ Abลซ Yaสฟlฤ didnโt explicitly call it shirk, but his close student, Ibn สฟAqฤซl (d. 513H), made it clear:
ููู ููุงุฑ ุนูุฏู ุจูุฐู ุงูุฃูุถุงุน ู ุซู ุชุนุธูู ุงููุจูุฑูุฅูุฑุงู ูุง ุจู ุง ููู ุงูุดุฑุน ุนูู ู ู ุฅููุงุฏ ุงูููุฑุงู ูุชูุจูููุง ูุชุฎููููุง ูุฎุทุงุจ ุงูู ูุชู ุจุงูุฃููุงุญ ููุชุจ ุงูุฑูุงุน ูููุง ูุง ู ููุงู ุงูุนู ุจู ูุฐุง ููุฐุง ูุฃุฎุฐ ุงูุชุฑุงุจ ุชุจุฑูุง ูุฅูุงุถุฉ ุงูุทูุจ ุนูู ุงููุจูุฑ ูุดุฏ ุงูุฑุญุงู ุฅูููุง ูุฅููุงุก ุงูุฎุฑูุนูู ุงูุดุฌุฑ ุงูุชุฏุงุก ุจู ู ุนุจุฏ ุงููุงุช ูุงูุนุฒู
โThey are disbelievers in my view due to their practices glorifying graves, burning candles, kissing graves, leaving requests, saying: โO my master, do such and such for me,โ and imitating the idolaters of al-Lฤt and al-สฟUzzฤ.โ
(Talbฤซs Iblฤซs, Chapter: The Devilโs Deception of the Masses)
๐) ๐๐๐ง สฟ๐๐ช๐ข๐ฅ ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ฅ๐ข ๐๐ฅ๐ฌ๐จ ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐:
ูุง ูุฎูู ุงููุจูุฑ ุจุงูุฎููู , ูุงูุชุฒููู ูุงูุชูุจูู ููุง ูุงูุทูุงู ุจูุง , ูุงูุชูุณู ุจูู ุฅูู ุงููู
โGraves are not made to be perfumed with musk, nor decorated, nor kissed, nor circumambulated, nor used as intermediaries for tawassul to Allah.โ
(al-Furลซโ li-Ibn Mufliแธฅ 3/382)
๐. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ก๐๐ฒ๐ค๐ก ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ง๐ข
4.1 Warning against seeking help from creatures
ุฃูู ุงูุตูุงู ุงูููุงู ุงูู ูุงูููู ููู ูู ุณุงูู ุงูุฃุนูุงู ุ ูุฃูู ู ู ูุงู ู ุนูู ููุงูู ุดูุฑ ุฑู ุถุงู ุดุงูุฏููุ ููู ูู ุญู ุงููู ู ุนุงู ููู ู ู ุงูุขุจุงุก ูุงูุฃู ูุงุช ูุงูุฅุฎูุฉ ูุงูุฃุฎูุงุช ูุงูุฌูุฑุฉ ูุงููุฑุงุจุงุชุ ุฃุชุงูู ูุงููู ูุงุฏู ุงููุฐุงุช ููุงุทุน ุงูุดููุงุช ูู ูุฑู ุงูุฌู ุงุนุงุชุ ูุฃุฎูู ู ููู ุงูู ุดุงูุฏุ ูุนุทู ู ููู ุงูู ุณุงุฌุฏุ ุชุฑุงูู ูู ุจุทูู ุงูุฃูุญุงุฏ ุตุฑุนูุ ูุง ูุฌุฏูู ูู ุง ูู ููู ุฏูุนูุงุ ููุง ูู ูููู ูุฃููุณูู ุถุฑูุง ููุง ููุนูุงุ ููุชุธุฑูู ููู ูุง ุงูุฃู ู ููู ุฅูู ุฑุจูุง ุชุฏุนูุ ูุงูุฎูุงุฆู ุชุญุดุฑ ุฅูู ุงูู ููู ูุชุณุนู.
โWhere are the fasting people who were fasting with you in previous years? Where are those who witnessed the nights of Ramadan with you? Where are your parents, siblings, and friends? By Allah, the destroyer of pleasures (death) has reached them. Their mashฤhid and mosques are emptyโฆ They cannot harm or benefit themselves. They are waiting for the day when people will gather toward their Creator.โ
(Ghuniyatul Talibeen, p. 262)
4.2 Anger towards those who ask others besides Allah
ูุง ู ู ูุดูู ุฅูู ุงูุฎูู ู ุตุงุฆุจู ุฅูุด ูููุนู ุดููุงู ุฅูู ุงูุฎูู ูุง ูููุนููู ููุง ูุถุฑููู ุ ูุฅุฐุง ุงุนุชู ุฏุช ุนูููู ูุฃุดุฑูุช ูู ุจุงุจ ุงูุญู ูุจุนุฏููู ููู ุณุฎุทู ูููุนููู ูุนูู ูุญุฌุจููู ุฃูุช ูุง ุฌุงูู ุชุฏุนู ุงูุนูู ู ู ุฌู ูุฉ ุฌููู ุจุดููุงู ุฅูู ุงูุฎูู
โO you who complain of your hardships to the creaturesโฆ They never give you benefit nor cause you harm. And if you rely on them and set them as partners in matters of Allah, they will distance you from Himโฆ O you ignorant person claiming knowledge, seeking salvation through the creatures?โ
(Fath al-Rabbani, pp. 117-118)
4.3 He said:
ูููู! ู ุงุชุณุชุญู ุชุทูุจ ู ู ุบูุฑ ุงููู ุนุฒูุฌู ููู ุฃูุฑุจ ุฅููู ู ู ุบูุฑู
โWoe to you! Arenโt you ashamed to seek your need from someone other than Allah, while He is closer to you than all others?โ
(Fath al-Rabbani, p. 159)
4.4 He said:
ูุง ุชุฏุน ู ุน ุงููู ุฃุญุฏุง ูู ุง ูุงู ุงููู ุนุฒูุฌู ููุฃูููู ุงููู ูุณููุฌูุฏู ููููููู ูููุงู ุชูุฏูุนููุงู ู ูุนู ุงูููููู ุฃูุญูุฏุงู
โDo not call anyone beside Allah, as Allah said: โAnd the masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah.โโ
(Fath al-Rabbani, p. 184)
4.5 Following Allah alone
ุงุชุจุนูุง ู ูุง ุชุจุชุฏุนูุงุ ูุงูููุง ู ูุง ุชุฎุงูููุงุ ุฃุทูุนูุง ู ูุง ุชุนุตูุงุ ุฃุฎูุตูุง ู ูุง ุชุดุฑููุงุ ูุญุฏูุง ุงูุญู ุนุฒู ู ุฌูู ู ุนู ุจุงุจู ููุง ุชุจุฑุญูุง. ุณููู ู ูุง ุชุณุฃููุง ุบูุฑูุ ุงุณุชุนูููุง ุจู ู ูุง ุชุณุชุนูููุง ุจุบูุฑูุ ุชููููุง ุนููู ู ูุง ุชุชููููุง ุนูู ุบูุฑู.
โFollow and obey and do not innovate. Agree with the religion and do not differ. Obey and do not disobey. Have sincerity and do not do Shirk. Accept Allah as One and do not turn away from Him. Ask Allah and do not ask others. Ask Him for help and do not ask anyone else. Have reliance and trust in Him and do not rely on anyone else.โ
(al-Fath al-Rabbani, pp. 191-192)
4.6 He said:
ูุงุชุณุฆู ุงูุฎูู ุดุฆูุงู ูุงููู ุนุฌุฒุฉ ููุฑุงุก ูุงูู ูููู ูุงููุณูู ููุงูุบูุฑูู ุถุฑุงู ููุง ููุนุง
โDo not ask the creation for anything, for they are powerless and in need. They do not possess for themselves or for anyone else any harm or benefit.โ
(Fath al-Rabbani, Majlis #50, p. 209)
4.7 Advice before death
ููุง ุชุฎู ุฃุญุฏูุง ููุง ุชุฑุฌูุ ูููู ุงูุญูุงุฆุฌ ูููุง ุฅูู ุงููู ุนุฒ ูุฌูุ ูุงุทูุจูุง ู ููุ ููุง ุชุซู ุจุฃุญุฏ ุณูู ุงููู ุนุฒูุฌู ููุง ุชุนุชู ุฏ ุฅูุง ุนููู ุณุจุญุงูู ุงูุชูุญูุฏ ุงูุชูุญูุฏ ุงูุชูุญูุฏ ูุฌู ุงุน ุงููู ุงูุชูุญูุฏ
โDo not fear anyone and do not hope in anyone. Address all your needs to Allah alone, and do not depend on anyone other than Allah. Tawheed, Tawheed, Tawheed; the essence of all is Tawheed.โ
(Fath al-Rabbani, p. 373)
๐. ๐๐๐ง ๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ข ๐๐ ๐๐ข๐ง๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ฌ๐๐๐ค๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ฉ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐
a) He said that the deviants visit graves on the 15th night of Shaโbฤn and take soil from them. Then he added:
ูุงู ุงุจู ุนููู: ูู ุง ุงูุชูุงููู ุนูู ุงูุฌูุงู ูุงูุถุบุงู ุนุฏููุง ุนู ุฃูุถุงุน ุงูุดุฑุน ุฅูู ุชุนุธูู ุฃูุถุงุน ูุถุนููุง ูุฃููุณูู ูุณููุช ุนูููู ุฅุฐ ูู ูุฏุฎููุง ุจูุง ุชุญุช ุฃู ุฑ ุบูุฑูู ูุงู ููู ููุงุฑ ุนูุฏู ุจูุฐู ุงูุฃูุถุงุน ู ุซู ุชุนุธูู ุงููุจูุฑูุฅูุฑุงู ูุง ุจู ุง ููู ุงูุดุฑุน ุนูู ู ู ุฅููุงุฏ ุงูููุฑุงู ูุชูุจูููุง ูุชุฎููููุง ูุฎุทุงุจ ุงูู ูุชู ุจุงูุฃููุงุญ ููุชุจ ุงูุฑูุงุน ูููุง ูุง ู ููุงู ุงูุนู ุจู ูุฐุง ููุฐุง ูุฃุฎุฐ ุงูุชุฑุงุจ ุชุจุฑูุง ูุฅูุงุถุฉ ุงูุทูุจ ุนูู ุงููุจูุฑ ูุดุฏ ุงูุฑุญุงู ุฅูููุง ูุฅููุงุก ุงูุฎุฑูุนูู ุงูุดุฌุฑ ุงูุชุฏุงุก ุจู ู ุนุจุฏ ุงููุงุช ูุงูุนุฒู
Ibn Aqil said: โWhen the obligations of the Sharฤซโah became heavy upon the ignorant and foolish, they abandoned the rulings of Sharฤซโah and turned toward practices they invented themselvesโฆ In my view, they are disbelievers due to these invented ritualsโsuch as glorifying graves, burning candles, kissing graves, leaving requests, perfuming graves, traveling to them, and hanging cloths on trees like those who worshipped al-Lฤt and al-โUzzฤ.โ (end quote, Tilbis Iblees)
b) Criticism of Sufi claims that they can see Prophet peace be upon him while awake.
ููุงู ุงูุณุจุจ ููู ุชุตููู ูุคูุงุก ู ุซู ูุฐู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ุ ููุฉ ุนูู ูู ุจุงูุณููู ูุงูุฅุณูุงู ูุงูุขุซุงุฑ ูุฅูุจุงููู ุนูููู ู ูุง ุงุณุชุญุณููู ู ู ุทุฑููุฉ ุงูููู
โThe reason these people authored such writings was their lack of knowledge of the Sunnah, Islam, and narrations. They only followed what they found appealing from the Sufi way.โ
(Talbฤซs Iblฤซs, pp. 163)
c) He said about the person who claimes to ask questions from Prophet peace be upon him”
ููููุงูู ูุฒูุนู ุฃููู ูุฑู ุฑูุณููู ุงููู ููู ููููุธูุชููู ููุง ููู ููููู ููู โฆ ููู ู ู ููุฐูู ุงููุฌูููุงููุงุชู ููุงููุญูู ูุงููุงุชู ู ูุง ููุง ููุญูุตูู
โHe claimed he would see the Messenger of Allah while awake, not in dreams. Whenever an issue confused him, he would see the Messenger ๏ทบ and ask himโฆ These were ignorant and foolish statements.โ
(al-Qaแนฃแนฃฤแนฃ wal-Mudhakirฤซn, p. 316)
d) Grave of Maโrลซf al Karkhi
Ibn Jawzi said:
ููุฏ ุฃุบุฑุจ ุฃูู ุฒู ุงููุง ุจุงูุตููุงุช ุนูุฏ ูุจุฑ ู ุนุฑูู ูุบูุฑู ูุฐูู ูุบูุจุฉ ุงูุฌููุฉ ูู ููุฉ ุงูุนุงุฏุงุช
โThe people of our time have strange practices of performing prayers at the grave of Maโrลซf and others, due to prevailing ignorance.โ
(al-Kashf al-Mushkil 2/50)
๐. ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐๐ค๐ซ ๐๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ฅ (๐ฐ๐ก๐จ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐๐ซ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ข๐ซ๐๐๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ก๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ข๐๐ง ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ฅ, ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐ฆ๐๐ฆ’๐ฌ ๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก)
Abu Bakr Khallฤl said:
ููุง ูุฌูุฒ ุฃู ููุงู : ุงุนูุฐู ุจุงููุจู ุฃู ุจุงูุฌุจุงู ุฃู ุจุงูุฃูุจูุงุก ุฃู ุจุงุงูู ูุงุฆูุฉ ุฃู ุจุงูุนุฑุด ุฃู ุจุงูุฃุฑุถ ุฃู ุจุดุฆ ู ู ุง ุฎูู ุงููู . ูุง ูุชุนูุฐ ุฅูุง ุจุงููู ุฃู ุจููู ุงุชู .
โIt is not permissible to say: โI seek refuge in the Prophet,โ or โby the mountains,โ or โby the prophets,โ or โby the angels,โ or โby the Throne,โ or โby the earth,โ or by anything Allah has created. One must only seek refuge in Allah or in His words.โ
(Sunnah by al-Khallal, Vol. 6, no. 1922)
7. ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฎ ๐๐ฅ-๐ ๐๐ญ๐ก ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ฐ๐๐ง๐ข (d 505 ah)
ูุฃู ุง ุงูุชู ุณุญ ุจู ูุงูุตูุงุฉ ุนูุฏู ุฃู ูุตุฏู ูุฃุฌู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ู ุนุชูุฏุง ุฃู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ููุงู ุฃูุถู ู ู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูู ุบูุฑูุ ูุงููุฐุฑ ูู ุฃู ูุญู ุฐูู ูููุณ ูุฐุง ู ู ุฏูู ุงูู ุณูู ููุ ุจู [ู ู] ู ุง ุฃุญุฏุซ ู ู ุงูุจุฏุน ุงููุจูุญุฉ ุงูุชู ู ู ุดุนุจ ุงูุดุฑู
โAs for wiping the grave, praying beside it, going there for duโฤโ, or making vows to it, believing the supplication there is better than elsewhere these are not from the religion of the Muslims. They are newly invented reprehensible innovations, which are branches of shirk.โ
(Kitฤb แนขiแธฅแธฅat Naql al-Ijmฤโ, p. 14)
๐. ๐๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ฅ๐ข ๐๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ฌ๐๐ก๐จ๐จ๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ก๐ญ๐ฌ.
Sufi Ibn Hajr Makki Shafi’i quotes Ibn Muflihโs statement in โAl-Iโlam bi-Qawatiโ al-Islamโ and affirms it:
: โูุญุงุตู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุงููุฑูุน ุฃู ู ู ุง ูููู ููุฑูุง ุฌุญุฏ ุตูุฉ ูู ุชุนุงูู ุงุชูู ุนูู ุฅุซุจุงุชูุงโฆ ูู ู ุฐูู ุฃู ูุฌุนู ุจููู ูุจูู ุงููู ุชุนุงูู ูุณุงุฆุท ูุชูููู ุนูููู ููุฏุนููู ููุณุฃููู ูุงููุง: ุฅุฌู ุงุนุง)
โThe summary of Al-Furuโ is that denying an attribute of Allah, confirmed by consensus, constitutes disbeliefโฆ This includes:
โ placing intermediaries between oneself and Allah, trusting in them, calling upon them, and seeking their aid.
The scholars unanimously agree on this. (That this is disbelief)โ
โAl-Iโlam bi-Qawatiโ al-Islam (p. 213)โ.
9. ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง
The แธคanbalฤซ position is clear: the issue is not about tawassul in general, nor about visiting graves in general, but about the specific practice of directly addressing the Auliyฤโ who have passed away, or calling on them from afar for aid by saying, “O Khawฤja, O Ghawth al-Aโแบam, madad.” While we could cite further statements from แธคanbalฤซ scholars such as Shaykh al-Islฤm Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn al-Qayyim, Ibn โAbd al-Hฤdฤซ, and Mur’ฤซ ibn Yลซsuf al-Karmฤซ, this suffices.