When Ibn Taymiya met mongols i.e. Tatar.
1. Talk between Ibn Taymiyyah and Shah of Tatar
2. Ibn Taymiyyah`s courage to set the Muslim captives free from Tatars.
3. DISCUSSION BETWEEN IBN TAYMIYYAH AND MONGOL GENERAL MULAY [OR BULAY] REGARDIN YAZEED B. MU’AWIYA
3. DISCUSSION BETWEEN IBN TAYMIYYAH AND MONGOL GENERAL MULAY [OR BULAY] REGARDIN YAZEED B. MU’AWIYA
4. Ibn Taymiyah asked the mongols to free Christians and Jews as well.
5. Ibn Taymiyyah encouraging people for Jihad against Tatar when they started to run.
6. Ibn Taymiyyah promised to win the war against the tatar and spread positivity among the Muslims by verses of Allah.
7. When Sultan and elders accepted Ibn Taymiyyah’s call for jihad.
8. Ibn Taymiyah said it with surety that Muslims will defeat the mongols.
9. When Sultan said Ya Khalid, Ibn Taymiyah asked him to ask help from Allah and then Muslims were victorious.
10. Ibn Taymiyyah followed Sunnah even in battlefield i.e. broke his fast and asked people to break their fast.
11. Another battle and victory for Muslims against Tatar.
12. Did you know the name of that battle against Mongols and their allies i.e. Christians of Armenia?
13. When King of Mongols heard about the victory of Muslims in a battle where Ibn Taymiyah took major part.
12. Did you know the name of that battle against Mongols and their allies i.e. Christians of Armenia?
13. When King of Mongols heard about the victory of Muslims in a battle where Ibn Taymiyah took major part.
14. Ibn Taymiyyah was great Mujahid against Mongols.
15. When Ibn Taymiyah didn’t say anything to Mongols who were drinking sharaab. Also cutting the hands of thieves at the time of war.
15. When Ibn Taymiyah didn’t say anything to Mongols who were drinking sharaab. Also cutting the hands of thieves at the time of war.
1. Talk between Ibn Taymiyyah and Shah of Tatar
Ibn Kathir said when King of Tatar started marching towards Damishq then
وكلمه الشيخ تقي الدين كلاما قويا شديدا فيه مصلحة عظيمة، عاد نفعها على المسلمين ولله الحمد.
Shaykh Taqi ud din spoke with him in firm and harsh manner which had great interests and benefits for the Muslims Wal Hamdulillah [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/20]
2. Ibn Taymiyyah`s courage to set the Muslim captives free from Tatars.
Ibn Kathir said:
وفي هذا اليوم خرج الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية إلى مخيم بولاي فاجتمع به في فكاك من كان معه من أسارى المسلمين، فاستنقذ كثيرا منهم من أيديهم،
On That day Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah went to the camp of Bolay , and he spoke to him regarding Muslim captives which were in his custody. He (Ibn Taymiyyah) made him free many of the captives [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya vol 14 page 24]
3. DISCUSSION BETWEEN IBN TAYMIYYAH AND MONGOL GENERAL MULAY [OR BULAY] REGARDIN YAZEED B. MU’AWIYAIbn Taymiyyah himself narrate this discussion as follows:
That is how I responded to Mongol general Bulay (or Mulay) when they reached Damascus during the great Fitnah. Many discussions occurred between me and him and others (from his side). Hence, he asked me, “What do you say regarding Yazeed?” I replied, “We neither abuse him nor love him as he was not a pious person so that we love him, and we also do not abuse any Muslim specifically.”
So he said, “Why do you not curse him? Was he not an oppressor? Did he not kill Husain?” I said to him, “We, when the oppressors like Hajjaj b. Yusuf and others like him are being discussed, say as Allah says in the Qur’an “Indeed the curse of Allah is upon oppressors,” and we do not like to curse someone directly, even though some scholars have cursed them (directly). This issue is something in which Ijtihad is involved, but the first view is dearer to us and the better one. As for the one who killed Husain and aided in his killing then be the curse of Allah, his angels and all human being upon him. May Allah not accept repentance and compensation from him.”
Bulay said, “So do you not love Ahlul Bayt?” I said, “Loving them is compulsory according to us, something for which there is a reward. It has been proven according to us, as in Sahih Muslim, that Zaid b. Arqam said: The Messenger once gave us a sermon near a pond known as Khumm which was on the way between Makkah and Madinah. He said, “Indeed I am leaving two weighty things among you; one is the book of Allah.” So he mentioned Allah’s book and exhorted people towards it. Then he said, “(Second is) My Ahlul Bayt; I remind you of Allah with regards to my Ahlul Bayt, I remind you of Allah regarding my Ahlul Bayt, I remind you of Allah regarding my Ahlul Bayt.” Ibn Taymiyyah said, “Then I told him: We say in our prayers daily – Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala Aali Muhammad…[He mentioned Salat Ibraheemi].” The general (Bulay) then said, “What about someone who hates Ahlul Bayt?” I said, “May the curse of Allah, His angels and the whole mankind be upon anyone who hates them. May Allah not accept repentance and compensation from them.”
Ibn taymiyyah said: Then I asked Mongol vizier, “For what reason he is asking about Yazeed while he is a Tatar?” He answered, “They have told him that people of Damascus are Nawasib.” I said in loud voice, “He is speaking a lie here and whosoever has said it then may the curse of Allah be on him. By Allah, there is no Nasibi among people of Damascus. If anyone disparages ‘Ali in Damascus then Muslims will stand up against him. But in earlier times – when Banu Umayya were ruling this land – there were some people from Banu Umayya who would show hatred for ‘Ali and disparage him. But in these days there have not remained any of them. – End quote –
Majmu’ al-Fatawa (4/487-488 Given by Br Muhammad Moin)
4. Ibn Taymiyah asked the mongols to free Christians and Jews as well.
Not only he tried to set the Muslim free, he asked them to free the Christians and Jews, as Ibn Taymiyyah said in his letter to the Christian King that we (The Muslims) want good for everyone and said:
وقد عرف النصارى كلهم إني لما خاطبت التاتار في إطلاق الأسرى وأطلقهم غازان وقطلوشاه، وخاطبت مولاي فيهم، فسمح بإطلاق المسلمين قال لي: لكن معنا نصارى أخذناهم من القدس فهؤلاء لا يطلقون، فقلت له: بل جميع من معك من اليهود والنصارى الذين هم أهل ذمتنا فإنا نفتكّهم، ولا ندع أسيرا لا من أهل الملة ولا من أهل الذمة، وأطلقنا من النصارى من شاء الله فهذا عملنا وإحساننا والجزاء على الله.
The Christians know all of what I addressed to the Tataars regarding release of the prisoners.. They set the Muslims free, and told me: We have Christian captives also we have taken them from Jerusalem, they will not be freed. I (Ibn Taymiyyah) said to them: Rather you should free all the Jews and the Christians as they are our Ahlul Dhimma. We can not accept to see them as prisoners, whether they are prisoners of Muslims or People of Dhimmah, So with the will of Allah Christians were freed. The Reward of our practice and kindness is with Allah [al-Risalah al Qabrasiyah by Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah page no. 22]
5. Ibn Taymiyyah encouraging people for Jihad against Tatar when they started to run.
Ibn Kathir said:
وكان الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية يدور كل ليلة على الأسوار يحرض الناس على الصبر والقتال، ويتلو عليهم آيات الجهاد والرباط.
Shaykh Taqi ud din Ibn Taymiyyah used to walk around the fences every night whilst encouraging people with patience and Qitaal and quoted the verses of Qitaal and al-Ribaat [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/24]
Ibn Kathir said when people started to run away from Tataar:
وجلس الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية في ثاني صفر بمجلسه في الجامع، وحرض الناس على القتال، وساق لهم الآيات والأحاديث الواردة في ذلك، ونهى عن الإسراع في الفرار، ورغب في إنفاق الأموال في الذب عن المسلمين وبلادهم وأموالهم. وأن ما ينفق في أجرة الهرب إذا أنفق في سبيل الله كان خيرا، وأوجب جهاد التتر حتما في هذه الكرة، وتابع المجالس في ذلك، ونودي في البلاد لا يسافر أحد إلا بمرسوم وورقة فتوقف الناس عن السير وسكن جأشهم،
Shaykh Taqi ud din Ibn Taymiyyah sat on his place in al Jamiya on 2nd of Safar, and encouraged people for Qitaal, and quoted verses and ahadith in this regard, and stopped them from running away, he encouraged them to spend money in defense of Muslims and their cities.. And he said its wajib to do Jihad with Tataar, He organized many gatherings with this regard… people stopped traveling and their hearts became calm. [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/28]
6. When Ibn Taymiyyah promised to win the war against the tatar and spread positivity among the Muslims by verses of Allah.
Ibn Kathir said:
واستهل جمادى الأولى والناس على خطة صعبة من الخوف، وتأخر السلطان واقترب العدو، وخرج الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية رحمه الله تعالى في مستهل هذا الشهر وكان يوم السبت إلى نائب الشام في المرج فثبتهم وقوى جأشهم وطيب قلوبهم، ووعدهم النصر والظفر على الأعداء، وتلا قوله تعالى: {.. وَمَنْ عَاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبَ بِهِ ثُمَّ بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ.
When Jamadi al Awaal started people were very scared because the Sultan was behind and the enemy was near, Shaykh Taqi ud din Ibn Taymiyyah rahimaullah went to the deputy head of ash-Sham at the start of the month on Saturday at the place of al Marj. He made their heart strong and happy, And promised to win the war from enemies and quoted the verse “And whoever responds [to injustice] with the equivalent of that with which he was harmed and then is tyrannized – Allah will surely aid him. Indeed, Allah is Pardoning and Forgiving.” [22:60] [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/29]
7. When Sultan and elders accepted Ibn Taymiyyah’s call for jihad.
Ibn Kathir said:
ورجع الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية من الديار المصرية في السابع والعشرين من جمادى الأولى على البريد، وأقام بقلعة مصر ثمانية أيام يحثهم على الجهاد والخروج إلى العدو، وقد اجتمع بالسلطان والوزير وأعيان الدولة فأجبروه إلى الخروج،
Shaykh Taqi ud din came back from Egypt on the horses who are used for mail on 27 Jamadi al Awla. He stayed in the fort of Egypt for 8 days and encouraged them for Jihad and going against the enemy. He met with Sultan, Ministers and elders of the state and they accepted his call for Jihad. [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/30]
8. Ibn Taymiyah said it with surety that Muslims will defeat the mongols.
When Tataars started moving and were heading towards greater Syria Ibn Taymiyyah make the Muslims believe that they will defeat them this time,
Ibn al Qayyim said
ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَ النَّاسَ وَالْأُمَرَاءَ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِمِائَةٍ لَمَّا تَحَرَّكَ التَّتَارُ وَقَصَدُوا الشَّامَ : أَنَّ الدَّائِرَةَ وَالْهَزِيمَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَأَنَّ الظَّفَرَ وَالنَّصْرَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ ، وَأَقْسَمَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ يَمِينًا
“Then he told the people and the commanders in 702 AH, when the Tatars started moving and were heading towards greater Syria, that they would be defeated and the Muslims would be victorious, and he swore more than seventy oaths to that effect.”[Madaarij as-Saalikeen, 2/459]
Then he said
لا تكثروا . كتب الله تعالى في اللوح المحفوظ . أنهم مهزومون في هذه الكرة . وأن النصر لجيوش الإسلام
“‘Allah has written in the Lawh Al-Mahfuth (Preserved Tablet) that they will be defeated and that victory is for the Muslims!”” [Madaarij as-Saalikeen, 2/459]
This is not knowledge of unseen rather this is what he was pointing out
(58:21. Allah has decreed: “Verily, I and My Messengers shall be the victorious.” Verily, Allah is All-Powerful, Almighty.)
Ibn Kathir commented:
meaning, He has decreed, written in the First Book, and decided in the decree that He has willed — which can never be resisted, changed or prevented — that final victory is for Him, His Book, His Messengers and the faithful believers, in this life and the Hereafter(Tafsir of 58:21)
Ibn Taymiyyah was encouraging the Muslims according to this verse, He swore more than seventy oaths and Allah made his oaths true as Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Among Allah’s Worshippers there are some who, if they took Allah’s Oath (for something), Allah fulfill their oaths.”[Sahih al Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 4541]
Ibn Kathir defended him and mentioned that he said this because of the verse of Quran
وكان الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية يحلف للأمراء والناس إنكم في هذه الكرة منصورون، فيقول له الأمراء: قل إن شاء الله، فيقول إن شاء الله تحقيقا لا تعليقا. وكان يتأول في ذلك أشياء من كتاب الله منها قوله تعالى: {ثُمَّ بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللَّهُ
Shaykh Taqi ud din Ibn Taymiyyah swore in front of leaders and people that this time you will defeat them. The leaders said to him: Say In sha Allah (if Allah wills). So he said In sha Allah, but it was in affirmation and certainty, not with any sense of doubt or hesitation. He did Tafsir of this saying with the verse in Kitab Allah
[i.e. Surah al Hajj verse 60] “That is so. And whoever has retaliated with the like of that which he was made to suffer, and then has again been wronged, Allah will surely help him.” [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/38]
Note that this is a proof that Ibn Taymiyyah was WALI Allah, he never claimed that I have knowledge of unseen, as
Mulla Ali Qari said regarding Ibn al Qayyim and Ibn Taymiyyah
أنهما كانا من أهل السنة والجماعة ، بل ومن أولياء هذه الأمة
They were among Ahl al-Sunnah wa’l-Jamaa’ah and are indeed among the awliya’ (close friends of Allaah) of this ummah” [Mirqaah al-Mafaateeh by al-Mulla ‘Ali Qaari (8/146]
9. When Sultan said Ya Khalid, Ibn Taymiyah asked him to ask help from Allah and then Muslims were victorious.
Ibn Kathir said:
وذلك أنه ندبه العسكر الشامي أن يسير إلى السلطان يستحثه على السير إلى دمشق فسار إليه فحثه على المجيء إلى دمشق بعد أن كاد يرجع إلى مصر. فجاء هو وإياه جميعا فسأله السلطان أن يقف معه في معركة القتال، فقال له الشيخ: السنة أن يقف الرجل تحت راية قومه، ونحن من جيش الشام لا نقف إلا معهم، وحرض السلطان على القتال، وبشره بالنصر وجعل يحلف بالله الله لا إله إلا هو إنكم منصورون عليهم في هذه المرة، فيقول له الأمراء: قل إن شاء الله، فيقول إن شاء الله تحقيقا لا تعليقا.
The story is that the Army of ash-Sham asked him to go to Sultan and make him agree to come towards Damascus, So he went to Sultan and made him agree to come to Damascus. Before this he (Sultan) was going back to Egypt . Ibn Taymiyyah and Sultan came and Sultan asked him that he should remain with him in Jihad. Shaykh replied It is sunnah to stand under the flag of own people and we belong to ash-Sham so we will remain with them. He made him agree for war and swore to Allah that there is no god but Allah that this time you will defeat them. The leaders said to him: Say In sha Allah (if Allah wills). So he said In sha Allah, but it was in affirmation and certainty, not with any sense of doubt or hesitation.[al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/40]
Imam Mar`i al Hanbalee said When he came with Sultan of the state Nasir and Armies of Islam to meet the tatar:
فلما رأى السلطان كثرة التتار قال : يا خالد بن الوليد
فقال له : لا تقل هذا بل قل : يا الله واستعن بالله ربك ووحده وحده ينصرك
وقل : يا مالك يوم الدين إياك نعبد وإياك نستعين
ثم صار تارة يقبل على الخليفة وتارة على السلطان ويربط جأشهما حتى جاء نصر الله والفتح
When Sultan saw large number of Tataar, he said: “YA Khalid bin al Waleed” He (Ibn Taymiyyah) said: Do not say this rather say “YA Allah and seek Help of Allah, the one Lord who alone can give victory, and say “O The Only Owner (and the Only Ruling Judge) of the Day of Recompense (i.e. the Day of Resurrection) You (Alone) we worship, and you (Alone) we ask for help, he started focusing on Caliph sometimes and sometimes on Sultan. And connected both of the armies untill the help of Allah came and they were victorious. [al Kawakib ad-Durriyah page 96]
Comment: See how Allah helped when they started to ask help from Allah? even though the Sultan was only remembering Khalid bin Waleed, or He was saying this to Ibn Taymiyyah that is why he said say “Ya Allah”. Whatever is the case They asked only Allah for help after that and Allah gave them victory, that is why Imam Mar`i and Ibn Kathir praised them.
Ibn Kathir mentioned:
وفي يوم الاثنين رابع الشهر رجع الناس من الكسوة إلى دمشق فبشروا الناس بالنصر.
وفيه دخل الشيخ تقي الدين بن تيمية البلد ومعه أصحابه من الجهاد، ففرح الناس به ودعوا له وهنؤه بما يسر الله على يديه من الخير، .
On Monday 4th date of this Month people returned from al Kiswat towards Damascus and they told them regarding their victory.
In this month Shaykh Taqi ud din Ibn Taymiyyah entered the city with his companions from Jihad, People became happy with him and they prayed for him. And they congratulated him on the khayr Allah provided on his hands. [al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/40]
10. Ibn Taymiyyah followed Sunnah even in battlefield i.e. broke his fast and asked people to break the fast during the fight.
Ibn Kathir mentioned
وأفتى الناس بالفطر مدة قتالهم وأفطر هو أيضا، وكان يدور على الأجناد والأمراء فيأكل من شيء معه في يده ليعلمهم أن إفطارهم ليتقووا على القتال أفضل فيأكل الناس، وكان يتأول في الشاميين قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إنكم ملاقوا العدو غدا، والفطر أقوى لكم»
He (Ibn Taymiyyah) gave fatwa to people to open their fast during the fight and he himself opened his fast. He used to walk towards warriors and leaders and ate whatever was in his hand so thatthey may know that it is better in war to remain healthy, so the people also ate and For people of ash-Sham Ibn Taymiyyah did tafsir of the hadith i.e. You are going to meet your enemy tomorrow so this opening of fast would be better for your good health. .[al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/40]
11. Another battle and victory for Muslims against Tatar.
Ibn Kathir said when Tatar killed many people from the army of Halab, The deputy head of the state himself went with Ibn Taymiyyah against the enemy, He said:
وقد حصل بسبب شهود الشيخ هذه الغزوة خير كثير، وأبان الشيخ علما وشجاعة في هذه الغزوة، وقد امتلأت قلوب أعدائه حسدا له وغما.
There was a lot of khayr because Shaykh went in this battle. Shaykh showed courage and knowledge in this battle. Because of this the hearts of the enemies (of shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah) filled with (more) jealousy and greif [al-Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/51]
12. Did you know the name of that battle against Mongols and their allies i.e. Christians of Armenia?
It was the Battle of Marj al-Saffar, also known as the Battle of Shaqhab. (Wikipedia)
13. When King of Mongols heard about the victory of Muslims in a battle where Ibn Taymiyah took major part.
According to Al-Maqrizi, after the battle, Qutlugh-Shah reached the Ilkhan Ghazan at Kushuf, to inform him of the defeat of his forces. It was reported that Ghazan, upon hearing the news, had gone into such a rage that it resulted in a nose bleed. (Wikipedia)
14. Ibn Taymiyyah was great Mujahid against Mongols.
al Bazzar (688 h-749 h) said:
وَكَانَ إِذا ركب الْخَيل يتحنك ويجول فِي الْعَدو كأعظم الشجعان وَيقوم كأثبت الفرسان وَيكبر تَكْبِيرا انكى فِي الْعَدو من كثير من الفتك بهم ويخوض فيهم خوض رجل لَا يخَاف الْمَوْت
When Ibn Taymiyyah used to ride the horse, he would go into the rows of enemies like the brave warrior. He was firm against them and would say Takbeer. He would make the enemy tired because of his attacks. He would enter into the army of enemies as if there is no fear of death [ الأعلام العلية في مناقب ابن تيمية by al Bazzar page 67-68,Ghayat al Eemani 2/214, Ibn Taymiyyah and his students by Abdul Rasheed Iraqee page 24]
15. When Ibn Taymiyah didn’t say anything to Mongols who were drinking sharaab. Also cutting the hands of thieves at the time of war.
Ibn al Qayyim said:
سمعت شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية يقول: مررت أنا وبعض أصحابي في زمن التتار بقوم منهم يشربون الخمر، فأنكر عليهم من كان معي، فأنكرت عليه وقلت له: إنما حرم الخمر لأنها تصد عن ذكر الله وعن الصلاة.. وهؤلاء يصدهم الخمر عن قتل النفوس وسبي الذرية وأخذ الأموال فدعهم.
I heard Shaykh al Islam Ibn Taymiyah saying: I and some of my companions saw the Tatar drinking khamr. They (the companions) tried to stop them but Ibn Taymiyah stopped them and said:
Sharaab is haram because it stops you from Dhikr and Salah. But it has stopped them from Killing,making captives and looting. [Ailam al Moqieen 4/3]
Then Ibn al Qayyim said:
ولذلك نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن قطع الأيدي في الغزو.. مع كون القطع حد من حدود الله تعالى.. فنهى عنه خشية أن يترتب عليه ما هو أبغض إلى الله من تعطيله أو تأخيره من لحوق صاحبه بالمشركين
That is why Prophet peace be upon him prohibited cutting the hands of thieves at time time of war. So that our own companion may not go to the mushrikeen against us. Even though cutting hands are from Hudood Allah.. and Prophet peace be upon him stopped from it so that it may not create bigger issue.. [Ailam al Moqieen, Ibid]